171 lines
3.2 KiB
Markdown
171 lines
3.2 KiB
Markdown
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# Nginx 配置说明
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## 配置文件
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- `nginx.conf` - 主配置文件
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## 功能特性
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1. **前端静态文件服务** - 服务 React 构建后的静态文件
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2. **API 代理** - 将 `/api` 请求代理到后端服务器 (localhost:3001)
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3. **SPA 路由支持** - 支持 React Router 的客户端路由
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4. **静态资源缓存** - 优化静态资源加载性能
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5. **健康检查** - `/health` 端点用于健康检查
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## 部署步骤
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### 1. 构建前端
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```bash
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cd frontend
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npm run build
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```
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构建输出在 `frontend/dist/` 目录
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### 2. 配置 Nginx
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编辑 `nginx.conf` 文件，修改以下配置：
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- `server_name`: 改为您的域名
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- `root`: 改为前端构建文件的绝对路径
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- `upstream backend`: 确保后端服务器地址正确
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### 3. 安装配置文件
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```bash
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# 复制配置文件到 nginx 配置目录
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sudo cp nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-available/ai-learning-platform
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# 创建符号链接
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sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/ai-learning-platform /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
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# 测试配置
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sudo nginx -t
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# 重新加载 nginx
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sudo systemctl reload nginx
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```
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### 4. 启动后端服务
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确保后端服务在 3001 端口运行：
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```bash
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cd backend
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npm run build
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npm start
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```
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或者使用 PM2 管理：
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```bash
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pm2 start backend/dist/index.js --name ai-learning-backend
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```
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## 配置说明
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### 前端路径
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默认配置假设前端构建文件在：
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```
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/var/www/ai-learning-platform/frontend/dist
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```
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请根据实际部署路径修改 `root` 指令。
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### 后端代理
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API 请求会被代理到：
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```
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http://localhost:3001
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```
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如果需要修改，编辑 `upstream backend` 部分。
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### 静态资源缓存
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静态资源（JS、CSS、图片等）会缓存 1 年，提高性能。
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### SPA 路由支持
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`try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;` 确保所有路由都返回 `index.html`，支持 React Router。
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## HTTPS 配置（可选）
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如果需要 HTTPS，取消注释配置文件中的 HTTPS 部分，并：
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1. 获取 SSL 证书（Let's Encrypt 免费证书）
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2. 修改证书路径
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3. 重新加载 nginx
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### 使用 Let's Encrypt
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```bash
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# 安装 certbot
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sudo apt-get install certbot python3-certbot-nginx
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# 获取证书
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sudo certbot --nginx -d yourdomain.com
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```
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## 性能优化
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### Gzip 压缩
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在 nginx 主配置文件中添加：
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```nginx
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gzip on;
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gzip_vary on;
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gzip_min_length 1024;
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gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml+rss application/json;
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```
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### 缓存优化
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静态资源已配置长期缓存，生产环境建议使用 CDN。
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## 监控和日志
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- 访问日志：`/var/log/nginx/ai-learning-access.log`
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- 错误日志：`/var/log/nginx/ai-learning-error.log`
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## 故障排查
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### 检查 nginx 状态
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```bash
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sudo systemctl status nginx
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```
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### 查看错误日志
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```bash
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sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/ai-learning-error.log
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```
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### 测试配置
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```bash
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sudo nginx -t
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```
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### 重新加载配置
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```bash
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sudo systemctl reload nginx
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```
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## Docker 部署（可选）
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如果使用 Docker，可以创建 `Dockerfile.nginx`：
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```dockerfile
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FROM nginx:alpine
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COPY nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
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COPY frontend/dist /usr/share/nginx/html
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EXPOSE 80
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CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
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```
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