添加docker
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nginx/.dockerignore
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nginx/.dockerignore
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node_modules
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npm-debug.log
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.git
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.gitignore
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README.md
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*.md
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170
nginx/README.md
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nginx/README.md
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# Nginx 配置说明
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## 配置文件
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- `nginx.conf` - 主配置文件
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## 功能特性
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1. **前端静态文件服务** - 服务 React 构建后的静态文件
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2. **API 代理** - 将 `/api` 请求代理到后端服务器 (localhost:3001)
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3. **SPA 路由支持** - 支持 React Router 的客户端路由
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4. **静态资源缓存** - 优化静态资源加载性能
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5. **健康检查** - `/health` 端点用于健康检查
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## 部署步骤
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### 1. 构建前端
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```bash
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cd frontend
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npm run build
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```
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构建输出在 `frontend/dist/` 目录
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### 2. 配置 Nginx
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编辑 `nginx.conf` 文件,修改以下配置:
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- `server_name`: 改为您的域名
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- `root`: 改为前端构建文件的绝对路径
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- `upstream backend`: 确保后端服务器地址正确
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### 3. 安装配置文件
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```bash
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# 复制配置文件到 nginx 配置目录
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sudo cp nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-available/ai-learning-platform
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# 创建符号链接
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sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/ai-learning-platform /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
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# 测试配置
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sudo nginx -t
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# 重新加载 nginx
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sudo systemctl reload nginx
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```
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### 4. 启动后端服务
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确保后端服务在 3001 端口运行:
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```bash
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cd backend
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npm run build
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npm start
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```
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或者使用 PM2 管理:
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```bash
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pm2 start backend/dist/index.js --name ai-learning-backend
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```
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## 配置说明
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### 前端路径
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默认配置假设前端构建文件在:
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```
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/var/www/ai-learning-platform/frontend/dist
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```
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请根据实际部署路径修改 `root` 指令。
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### 后端代理
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API 请求会被代理到:
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```
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http://localhost:3001
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```
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如果需要修改,编辑 `upstream backend` 部分。
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### 静态资源缓存
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静态资源(JS、CSS、图片等)会缓存 1 年,提高性能。
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### SPA 路由支持
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`try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;` 确保所有路由都返回 `index.html`,支持 React Router。
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## HTTPS 配置(可选)
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如果需要 HTTPS,取消注释配置文件中的 HTTPS 部分,并:
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1. 获取 SSL 证书(Let's Encrypt 免费证书)
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2. 修改证书路径
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3. 重新加载 nginx
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### 使用 Let's Encrypt
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```bash
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# 安装 certbot
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sudo apt-get install certbot python3-certbot-nginx
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# 获取证书
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sudo certbot --nginx -d yourdomain.com
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```
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## 性能优化
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### Gzip 压缩
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在 nginx 主配置文件中添加:
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```nginx
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gzip on;
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gzip_vary on;
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gzip_min_length 1024;
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gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml+rss application/json;
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```
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### 缓存优化
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静态资源已配置长期缓存,生产环境建议使用 CDN。
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## 监控和日志
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- 访问日志:`/var/log/nginx/ai-learning-access.log`
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- 错误日志:`/var/log/nginx/ai-learning-error.log`
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## 故障排查
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### 检查 nginx 状态
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```bash
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sudo systemctl status nginx
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```
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### 查看错误日志
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```bash
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sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/ai-learning-error.log
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```
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### 测试配置
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```bash
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sudo nginx -t
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```
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### 重新加载配置
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```bash
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sudo systemctl reload nginx
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```
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## Docker 部署(可选)
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如果使用 Docker,可以创建 `Dockerfile.nginx`:
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```dockerfile
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FROM nginx:alpine
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COPY nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
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COPY frontend/dist /usr/share/nginx/html
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EXPOSE 80
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CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
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```
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nginx/docker-compose.yml
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nginx/docker-compose.yml
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version: '3.8'
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services:
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# 前端 Nginx 服务
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nginx:
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image: nginx:alpine
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container_name: ai-learning-nginx
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ports:
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- "80:80"
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- "443:443"
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volumes:
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- ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf:ro
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- ../frontend/dist:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro
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- ./logs:/var/log/nginx
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depends_on:
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- backend
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restart: unless-stopped
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networks:
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- ai-learning-network
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# 后端服务
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backend:
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build:
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context: ../backend
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dockerfile: Dockerfile
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container_name: ai-learning-backend
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ports:
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- "3001:3001"
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environment:
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- NODE_ENV=production
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- PORT=3001
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- DATABASE_URL=file:./prisma/dev.db
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volumes:
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- ../backend/prisma:/app/prisma
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restart: unless-stopped
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networks:
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- ai-learning-network
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networks:
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ai-learning-network:
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driver: bridge
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nginx/nginx.conf
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# Nginx 配置文件 - AI学习平台
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# 上游后端服务器
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upstream backend {
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server localhost:3001;
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keepalive 64;
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}
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# HTTP 服务器配置
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server {
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listen 80;
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server_name localhost; # 修改为您的域名
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# 客户端最大请求体大小
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client_max_body_size 10M;
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# 日志配置
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access_log /var/log/nginx/ai-learning-access.log;
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error_log /var/log/nginx/ai-learning-error.log;
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# 前端静态文件
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location / {
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root /var/www/ai-learning-platform/frontend/dist;
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index index.html;
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try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
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# 静态资源缓存
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location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg|woff|woff2|ttf|eot)$ {
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expires 1y;
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add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
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}
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}
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# API 代理
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location /api {
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proxy_pass http://backend;
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
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proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
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proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
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# 超时设置
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proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
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proxy_send_timeout 60s;
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proxy_read_timeout 60s;
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}
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# 健康检查
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location /health {
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access_log off;
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return 200 "healthy\n";
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add_header Content-Type text/plain;
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}
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}
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# HTTPS 服务器配置(可选,需要 SSL 证书)
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# server {
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# listen 443 ssl http2;
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# server_name localhost; # 修改为您的域名
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#
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# # SSL 证书配置
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# ssl_certificate /path/to/your/certificate.crt;
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# ssl_certificate_key /path/to/your/private.key;
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#
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# # SSL 优化配置
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# ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
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# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
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# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
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# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
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# ssl_session_timeout 10m;
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#
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# # 客户端最大请求体大小
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# client_max_body_size 10M;
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#
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# # 日志配置
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# access_log /var/log/nginx/ai-learning-ssl-access.log;
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# error_log /var/log/nginx/ai-learning-ssl-error.log;
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#
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# # 前端静态文件
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# location / {
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# root /var/www/ai-learning-platform/frontend/dist;
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# index index.html;
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# try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
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#
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# # 静态资源缓存
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# location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg|woff|woff2|ttf|eot)$ {
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# expires 1y;
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# add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
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# }
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# }
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#
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# # API 代理
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# location /api {
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# proxy_pass http://backend;
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# proxy_http_version 1.1;
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# proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
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# proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
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# proxy_set_header Host $host;
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# proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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# proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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# proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
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# proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
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#
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# # 超时设置
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# proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
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# proxy_send_timeout 60s;
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# proxy_read_timeout 60s;
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# }
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#
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# # 健康检查
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# location /health {
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# access_log off;
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# return 200 "healthy\n";
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# add_header Content-Type text/plain;
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# }
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# }
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#
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# # HTTP 重定向到 HTTPS
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# server {
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# listen 80;
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# server_name localhost; # 修改为您的域名
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# return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
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# }
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58
nginx/nginx.conf.example
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nginx/nginx.conf.example
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# Nginx 配置示例文件
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# 复制此文件并根据您的环境修改配置
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# 上游后端服务器
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upstream backend {
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server localhost:3001; # 修改为您的后端服务器地址
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keepalive 64;
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}
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server {
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listen 80;
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server_name your-domain.com; # 修改为您的域名或 IP
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# 客户端最大请求体大小
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client_max_body_size 10M;
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# 日志配置(可选)
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# access_log /var/log/nginx/ai-learning-access.log;
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# error_log /var/log/nginx/ai-learning-error.log;
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# 前端静态文件路径(修改为实际路径)
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location / {
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root /path/to/frontend/dist; # 修改为前端构建文件的实际路径
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index index.html;
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try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
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# 静态资源缓存
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location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg|woff|woff2|ttf|eot)$ {
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expires 1y;
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add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
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}
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}
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# API 代理
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location /api {
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proxy_pass http://backend;
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
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proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
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proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
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# 超时设置
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proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
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proxy_send_timeout 60s;
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proxy_read_timeout 60s;
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}
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# 健康检查
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location /health {
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access_log off;
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return 200 "healthy\n";
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add_header Content-Type text/plain;
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}
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}
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